vascular lesions
Vascular lesions are group of blood vessels disorder that can be congenital (present at birth but may appear after birth) or acquired. They may be cutaneous or in organs. Plastic surgeons deal skin vascular lesions.
- Surgery
Surgical excision is done under general anesthesia to either remove the primary lesion or to get rid of residual scars after other treatments. - Injection
I. Steroids steroid (triamcinolone) are injected in the lesion by small
needles. Multiple sessions may be needed at one month interval.
II. 3 % Sodium tetradecyl sulphate is a sclerosing agent.it is injected in
Large deep Vascular malformations.
III. Ethanol (alcohol) can be injected as sclerosing agent into the lesion to reduce the size of lesion.
IV. Bleomycin is an antibiotic that may be injected into certain vascular
malformations to make them shrink.
V. Others (doxycycline, OK-432.). - Laser
Pulse dye laser, ND-YAG and Argon laser is effective in treatment of small cutaneous vascular lesions. Light is absorbed by red hemoglobin and destroy the blood vessels in the lesion. It has minimal damage to the surrounding tissues. - Cautery
Electrocautery can be used to treat superficial vascular lesions on face. Its less invasive and used in small lesions.
Some lesions are genetical while others have unknown cause.
Laser addresses only small cutaneous lesions (mostly capillary origin). It can
also reduces residual lesions after surgery. Large high flow lesions cannot be
treated with laser alone.
there is always a chance of recurrence of lesion after any treatment modality.
Complete excision of lesion is difficult.
yes, there is very rare chance of malignant transformation of vascular lesions.
surgery of vascular lesions may have complications like bleeding, scarring,
infection, disfigurement and recurrence. Surgical excision of arterial
malformation are planned after embolization (temporary blocking) of feeding
vessel to prevent bleeding.
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